español 1
Conjugating Verbs
In Spanish verbs have an infinitive: to do something. They conjugate to agree with the subject that is carrying out the verb. There are three different verb endings in the infinitive -ar, -er, and -ir, and the subject endings often depend on these infinitive endings. To help us conjugate verbs we can use a conjugation chart. The left column contains the singular subject forms, while the right column contains the plural subject forms. The first row is the first person form, the second is the second person form, and the third is the third person form Person Singular Plural 1st Yo = I Nosotros = We 2nd Tú = You (familiar) 3rd Él/Ella = He/She Ellos/Ellas = They Usted = You (formal) Ustedes = You all (y'all) These are the endings for -ar/-er/-ir verbs. Some forms share the same endings for -er and -ir verbs. The Yo form always has the same ending for all regular verbs. -o -amos / -emos / -imos -as / -es / -es -a / -e / -e -an / -en / -en To conjugate a regular verb, you take off the -ar, -er, or -ir and replace them with the endings from the chart above. An example we have worked with in this unit's vocabulary is the verb llamarse, To call (oneself) / to be named. So you drop the -ar from the end and add the correct ending for each form. You must also add what is called a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos, se) which help the verb translate to I call myself, You call yourself, etc. Lamarse (Yo) Me llam-o (Nosotros) Nos llam-amos (Tú) Te llam-as (Él/Ella/Usted) Se llam-a (Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes) Se llam-an Another verb we have worked with in class is ser, which means To be. Ser is an irregular verb, which means it does not follow the conjugation rules we just talked about. Therefore the only way to know each is to memorize it =( Ser (Yo) Soy = I am (Nosotros) Somos = We are (Tú) Eres = You are (Él/Ella/Usted) Es = He/She is (Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes) Son = They are You are You all are
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